[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.extip.sk\/dalsie-zivocichy-su-v-ohrozeni\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.extip.sk\/dalsie-zivocichy-su-v-ohrozeni\/","headline":"\u010eal\u0161ie \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchy s\u00fa v ohrozen\u00ed","name":"\u010eal\u0161ie \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchy s\u00fa v ohrozen\u00ed","description":"S\u00fa \u017eraloky nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 alebo ohrozen\u00e9 \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchy? Odpove\u010f je oboje. Na strane nebezpe\u010denstva je v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina \u017eralokov vrcholov\u00fdmi pred\u00e1tormi. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee existuj\u00fa na vrchole oce\u00e1nskeho potravinov\u00e9ho re\u0165azca a\u00a0maj\u00fa m\u00e1lo prirodzen\u00fdch nepriate\u013eov. V\u010faka svojej loveckej povahe a\u00a0ostr\u00fdm zubom prepl\u00e1vaj\u00fa cel\u00e9 oce\u00e1ny h\u013eadan\u00edm <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.extip.sk\/dalsie-zivocichy-su-v-ohrozeni\/\">\u010c\u00edst d\u00e1le ...<\/a>","datePublished":"2017-03-14","dateModified":"2023-04-25","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.extip.sk\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.extip.sk\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/32bc2d377216483c132a3bbf038b8838926e0616f1b3d0e9cb50d997f0b052ba?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/32bc2d377216483c132a3bbf038b8838926e0616f1b3d0e9cb50d997f0b052ba?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"extip.sk","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.extip.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a280592_w2027_t1494780263.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.extip.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a280592_w2027_t1494780263.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.extip.sk\/dalsie-zivocichy-su-v-ohrozeni\/","about":["Zvierat\u00e1"],"wordCount":515,"articleBody":"S\u00fa \u017eraloky nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 alebo ohrozen\u00e9 \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchy? Odpove\u010f je oboje. Na strane nebezpe\u010denstva je v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina \u017eralokov vrcholov\u00fdmi pred\u00e1tormi. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee existuj\u00fa na vrchole oce\u00e1nskeho potravinov\u00e9ho re\u0165azca a\u00a0maj\u00fa m\u00e1lo prirodzen\u00fdch nepriate\u013eov.V\u010faka svojej loveckej povahe a\u00a0ostr\u00fdm zubom prepl\u00e1vaj\u00fa cel\u00e9 oce\u00e1ny h\u013eadan\u00edm koristi, ako s\u00fa ryby, ve\u013ek\u00e9 bezstavovce a\u00a0dokonca aj niektor\u00e9 druhy obrovsk\u00fdch ve\u013er\u00fdb. Ich pred\u00e1torsk\u00e1 taktika je pr\u00ednosom pre ekosyst\u00e9m mor\u00ed a\u00a0oce\u00e1nov. \u017draloky na celom svete s\u00fa v\u00a0s\u00fa\u010dasnosti ohrozen\u00e9, tak\u017ee str\u00e1nka ich ohrozenia \u010faleko presahuje nad nebezpe\u010denstvom, ktor\u00e9 tieto bytosti predstavuj\u00fa pre \u010dloveka.S\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e1 situ\u00e1cia je v\u00e1\u017ena, preto\u017ee \u017eraloky s\u00fa v\u00a0s\u00fa\u010dasnosti vystaven\u00e9 riziku vyhynutia. Zo 465 druhov \u017eralokov \u017eij\u00facich v\u00a0na\u0161ich oce\u00e1noch je 74 druhov v\u00a0s\u00fa\u010dasnosti zaraden\u00fdch do zoznamu ohrozen\u00fdch (vr\u00e1tane 11 druhov, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa kriticky ohrozen\u00e9) na \u010dervenom zozname Medzin\u00e1rodnej \u00fanie pre ochranu pr\u00edrody a\u00a0pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch zdrojov. Medzi najviac ohrozen\u00e9 druhy patr\u00ed \u017eralok kladivohlav\u00fd, \u017eralok obrovsk\u00fd a\u00a0\u017eralok biely.Hoci nie je mo\u017en\u00e9 vedie\u0165, ko\u013eko \u017eralokov je zabit\u00fdch ro\u010dne kv\u00f4li neleg\u00e1lnemu a\u00a0nezaznamenan\u00e9mu \u00falovku, odhaduje sa, \u017ee a\u017e 73 mili\u00f3nov \u017eralokov je zabit\u00fdch ka\u017edoro\u010dne samotn\u00fdm rybolovom a\u00a0z\u00a0toho s\u00fa niektor\u00fdm \u017eralokom brut\u00e1lnym sp\u00f4sobom odrezan\u00e9 plutvy. Takto znetvoren\u00e9 a\u00a0zvy\u010dajne e\u0161te st\u00e1le na\u017eive, s\u00fa \u017eraloky hoden\u00e9 sp\u00e4\u0165 do mora, kde vykrv\u00e1caj\u00fa alebo sa utopia. Plutvy sa potom pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa na v\u00fdrobu \u017eralo\u010dej polievky, tradi\u010dnej \u00e1zijskej poch\u00fa\u0165ky.Okrem probl\u00e9mov sp\u00f4soben\u00fdch odstra\u0148ovan\u00edm plutiev a\u00a0rybolovom boli popul\u00e1cie \u017eralokov oslaben\u00e9 zni\u010den\u00edm biotopov a\u00a0zne\u010disten\u00edm \u017eivotn\u00e9ho prostredia. Toxick\u00e9 chemik\u00e1lie sa hromadia v\u00a0tel\u00e1ch \u017eralokov a\u00a0n\u00e1sledne m\u00f4\u017eu vies\u0165 k\u00a0poruch\u00e1m ich imunitn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu a\u00a0in\u00fdm zdravotn\u00fdm\u00a0 probl\u00e9mom. \u010eal\u0161\u00ed vplyv, ktor\u00fd prispieva k\u00a0zni\u017eovaniu po\u010dtu jedincov je, \u017ee \u017eraloky dospievaj\u00fa nieko\u013eko rokov a\u00a0maj\u00fa len n\u00edzku reprodukciu.Ako zachr\u00e1ni\u0165 \u017eralokyNed\u00e1vna spr\u00e1va Medzin\u00e1rodnej \u00fanie pre ochranu pr\u00edrody a\u00a0pr\u00edrodn\u00fdch zdrojov vyz\u00fdva vl\u00e1dy na celom svete, aby sa zaoberali glob\u00e1lnou kr\u00edzou \u017eralokov a\u00a0urobili nasledovn\u00e9:&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 stanovili limity \u00falovkov \u017eralokov na vedeck\u00e9 v\u00fdskumy&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 zlep\u0161ili monitorovanie rybolovu \u017eralokov&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 investovali do v\u00fdskumu \u017eralokov a\u00a0ich popul\u00e1cie&#8211;\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 minimalizovali n\u00e1hodn\u00e9 lovenie \u017eralokovEnvironment\u00e1lne organiz\u00e1cie vyz\u00fdvaj\u00fa aj jednotlivcov, aby pomohli pri \u00fasil\u00ed o\u00a0obnovu \u017eraloka. Jednotlivci m\u00f4\u017eu p\u00edsa\u0165 z\u00e1stupcom \u0161t\u00e1tu o\u00a0probl\u00e9me, prinies\u0165 komunitn\u00e9 povedomie p\u00edsan\u00edm miestnych pr\u00edspevkov, rozpr\u00e1van\u00edm sa s\u00a0priate\u013emi i\u00a0kolegami a\u00a0vyh\u00fdba\u0165 sa ur\u010dit\u00fdm produktom, ako je polievka zo \u017eralo\u010d\u00edch plutiev a\u00a0tovar vyroben\u00fd zo \u017eralo\u010d\u00edch zubov. Najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed pozit\u00edvny vplyv v\u00a0boji za z\u00e1chranu \u017eralokov m\u00e1 podpora environment\u00e1lnych skup\u00edn, ktor\u00e9 apeluj\u00fa na kompetentn\u00fdch.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.3\/5 - (6 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"\u010eal\u0161ie \u017eivo\u010d\u00edchy s\u00fa v ohrozen\u00ed","item":"https:\/\/www.extip.sk\/dalsie-zivocichy-su-v-ohrozeni\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]